Frequently asked questions about power quality?

1. Can I use a UPS with a laser printer?

The functionality of UPS is to provide additional power for the purposes of retaining important information. In the event of a power outage, the print jobs continue to exist and recover only after the accident has been rectified. However, for large publishing houses and copiers, it is best to provide extra power to ease the data transfer, as well as the printer’s memory.

2. For my business, the computer is essential. Do I need UPS?

Uninterruptible power supply is not only necessary but also somewhat basic for you. Security requires protection of systems. Moreover, IT systems are paramount for each company in all its areas of action.

3. What exactly is off-line technology?

Off-Line is the simplest protection. The computer receives power from the power grid without transforming the power. In the event of a problem such as a power outage or voltage change, the UPS via its battery is able to maintain and stabilize the voltage. The use of this technology is appropriate for protecting computers, workstations, passive terminals and low-level servers.

4. What exactly is Line Interactive technology?

These devices work exactly the same way as off-line technology. The difference is that the UPS is controlled by a microprocessor that examines and analyzes the quality of the grid, detects changes in it without the need for a battery when it is not absolutely necessary. With this technology, early battery drainage is avoided. Most often, these UPSs are used to protect PC servers, Intranet servers and Internet networking equipment.

5. What exactly is On-Line technology?

This technology is primarily characterized by constant power quality all the time without interference and fluctuations. Uninterruptible power supplies that operate with this technology do not support constant battery power, in particular, the power supply is recovered by converting AC to DC. This isolates the load from any input current fluctuations. Standard application of these UPSs: protection of Internet / Intranet servers, protection of telecommunications and industrial systems.

6. How important an output parameter is the Amplitude Output for a UPS

The amplitude output reference definition is the ratio of the amplitude to the UPS value. Amplitude coefficient for resistive, capacitive or inductive linear load or the combination of any of them is = 1.41. For non-linear loads, the amplitude coefficient is much higher and in some cases may be even higher than 2.5. A UPS having an amplitude factor of about 3 can provide power to most of the cargoes that are on the market.

7. What kind of UPS my computer system needs?

If the computer system consists of 4 computers (without monitors) and you have calculated an approximate consumption of 300 VA for each one, then you need (4X300 VA), ie. 1200 VA.

8. How do I calculate the consumption of my computer and choose a UPS according to her

First, determine the power of the devices you want to protect in VA.

First way: If you know the power in watts, divide it into cos ø and you will get the VA power.

Second way: If you know the ampere consumption, multiply it by the voltage and divide the power of the equipment and you will get the VA power.

Third way: if you know the type and number of equipment you will be protecting. For example: 3 computers + 2 printers + 1 server + ……

Assemble the power of all VA equipment and determine the power required for each application from the table.

9. What does self-power devices mean?

Autonomy is the time during which the charge of the electric charges may be continued when it does not exist or is lower than the minimum voltage from that of the battery. It must be rated at rated power.

10. What do you mean by “noise”?

Electrical noise, of course. Electric noise occupies frequencies that are similar to short, low, but long-lasting frequencies. As an example, the induction of radio waves caused by transmission lines can be indicated. Noise often causes more operational errors than physical damage.

11. What kinds of power outages exist?

Four possible types of power outages can be defined: Synchronization, voltage drop, instantaneous voltage drop and continuous voltage drop for less than 1 cycle for more than 1 cycle, less than 1 minute, and more than 1 minute. The main reasons for this are the inclusion of large engines, line faults or switching to the supplier’s network. In the case of syncronization and whether this will affect IT systems, computers and electronic components depend on the characteristics of the power source. Power interruptions and voltage weakness breaks more than 300 ms, causing uncontrolled shutdown of the equipment. Short-term power outages cause file and RAM file shifts, and hard drive often becomes unreadable. The only solution to this problem is the use of UPS.

12. How often these interruptions occur?

As an example in an office building annually there are 36 overvoltages, 128 overloads or increases in voltage and between 5 and 15 power cuts. Each of these problems causes a major loss of data and one solution is UPS protection.

13. What is the difference between inverter and inductor?

Both terms have the same meaning – you can say DC-AC inverter or inductor.

14. What is the purpose of the inverter?

The inverter converts the direct current from the battery into alternating, usually 220 volts, stabilized at the output, with a sinusoidal waveform and a 50 Hz frequency. Quite often the sine wave is “cleaner” than that of the power supplier. These sinusoidal inverters are used to power all kinds of loads, especially when waveforms such as “sine wave”, “modified sinewave” and impulses are contraindicated or limited due to their influence on inductive and capacitive loads. The biggest price advantage that may be less than half the cost of a sine wave at a similar power.

15. What is the galvanized isolation of the inverter?

Separates the input power line from the output, allowing polarity change or collection of movable (free) outputs.

16. What is a battery?

The battery is a device that allows us to store energy using a set of electrochemical cells. Modern batteries are made from a group of cells, mainly 2V. the most common configuration works with 6 serial blocks at 2V to obtain a nominal voltage of 12V. A distinction must be made between rechargeable batteries and disposable batteries. Most of the first type is made of lead and calcium (PbCa) and are hermetically sealed and do not allow maintenance, while nickel and cadmium (NiCd) are open and can be repaired and maintained.

   17. What does KVA mean?

KVA is the abbreviation of kilo ampere (VA). The power is classified as: Full power S – measured in VA, active power – measured in watts W, reactive power Q – measured in VAR.

S= P + Q

P= S * cos Ø

The most widely used UPS power measure in the world is VA or KVA (actual power S).

18. What is AC?

AC is an electric current that changes its polarity. The standard alternating current has a sine wave – it starts from zero to the positive maximum, returns to zero, goes to the negative maximum, reaches zero, and so on. The bulk of the electricity used today is precisely the alternating current

19. What is DC Current?

Constant current is the continuous flow of electric current through a conductor between two points with different potentials. As opposed to the alternating current, in this case the electric charge always circulates in the direction from the point with a higher potential to the point of lower potential. Although DC is often identified as constant (eg battery power), not all currents that support the same polarity can be considered as constant.

Crest Factor – amplitude factor (amplitude-to-heart ratio). CF of 1.8 or higher means a highly distorted waveform